The Power of Anecdote Creative Strategies for Academic Writing

Aristotle and Me Many of the freshmen I instruct at CUNY enter the first few sessions of my Expository Writing class wearing metaphorical top hats and monocles, armed with—and comforted by—the five-paragraph essay structure and other basic compositional building blocks. College-level essay writing, in their understanding, requires a stuffy, exacting formality—a holding in of one’s breath. By sublimating their individual perspectives and voices, these writers are, in fact, setting aside their most effective argumentative tools. Aristotle and Me Think of the most inspirational presidential addresses of the few decades, or, to be especially timely, of Oprah’s rousing Golden Globes acceptance speech. These speakers went far beyond oatmeal summation of why their issues were worthy of attention. Oprah, for example, began by vividly recounting her experience of watching Sidney Poitier win his Oscar when she was a child in 1964, going as far to describe the linoleum floor on which she was sitting. By setting herself squarely in the center of her argument about equality and inclusivity, many viewers were emotionally moved; some Twitter users were even galvanized into championing her presidential candidacy. I encourage my students to research and write about topics they’re interested and invested in, which I’ve found immediately enlivens their argumentation. Caring about a subject is three-quarters of the battle, but because freshmen enter college with certain staid notions of academic writing—that, put concisely, it is more science than art—they forget the power of the personal. Rhetoricians teach the argumentative tenets of ethos, logos, and pathos, but contemporary college students often feel alienated by Aristotelian terminology. In high school, students learned about logos—the appeal to logic that the five-paragraph essay was born to satisfy—in essence, if not by name, as they focused on building clear, fact-based arguments. In so doing, and by attempting to adhere to vague notions of maturity or professionalism, many banished the first-person point of view from their writing entirely. This self-imposed restriction only serves to mute their authorial voices, and inevitably robs their essays of pathos, or emotional appeal. Supporting reasoning with concrete examples is indeed crucial to effective argumentation, but showing professors why students care about a subject proves that their argument matters. This achievement both makes for a powerful and memorable essay. For professors who are very likely reading hundreds of papers over the course of the semester, distinctiveness, too, counts. The Art of the Anecdote The decision to include an anecdote also allows students access into more expressive modes of writing. As a poet and an academic, I am especially positioned to bemoan the draining of authorial individuality that some high school writing classes catalyze. Again, the ability to organize and articulate one’s thinking with effective examples is integral to the college essay, but good writing also requires a more refined linguistic acumen. Because of their past adherence to the five-paragraph expository essay form, my students tend to look at the writing of anecdotes as a creative exercise, inevitably divorced from the more methodical approach of paper writing. As warm-ups in my classes, I often task students with jotting down personal experiences that relate to the issues discusses in their assigned reading. As they reacquaint themselves with the first person—with their individual authorial Is—their hands loosen around their pens, and in flood in their distinctive writerly voices. To many students, creative writing has a different base set of requirements. In their anecdotes, they provide sensorial information, evocative visual details, and emotional depth and positioning. More often than not, their vocabulary expands exponentially as the tight grip of their academic diction loosens. In short, they become better writers—their arguments find their footing, and their language develops resonance and texture. It’s a Balance Some students become so enlivened by the permission to break with the tyranny of high school writing standards, they forget that, though strictures have loosened, they are still expected to provide a balance between pathos and logos in their writing. Is it compelling that you’ve seen the effects of gentrification first-hand in your city? Absolutely! But I also expect statistics, academic and peer-reviewed sources, and other relevant objective information. Anecdote cannot convince in a vacuum—but it can serve to guide students toward both more persuasive and more expressive writing. Looking for support on your academic writing? ; Want to read more on the subject? Essential Components to the Personal Statement: How to Tell Your Story The Best Ways to Prepare for an Essay Exam Turn Back the Clock on that Grade! How to Revise a Bad College Paper

Critical Analysis of Nature by Ralph Waldo Emerson Essay

As human beings we take everything for granted. We think not of the struggle that nature endures to blossom into something that we can find divine. Nor do we think about the hours and passion that a writer may have put into that piece of literature we pick up and read. We are expectant creatures who complain when it’s too hot outside, not even thinking that, that warmth is keeping us alive, or we get mad when it rains too much, not appreciating it for keeping nature flourishing. Ralph Waldo Emerson talks of humans’ disdain for nature and how detached we have become in his piece â€Å"Nature.† We’ll take a look at Emerson’s opinion on the lack of compassion and awe that mankind has for the world around them. Nature was not uncommon to be a†¦show more content†¦Emerson makes it very clear that it is absurd that we are ungrateful for the flora around us when it is never unkind or unforgiving. Whereas the busy industrialized world will eat you alive, the calm invitation of nature will accept you gladly in its presence every time. He writes about how it is rare for adults to be in awe of nature, and that we need to preserve a sense of childhood within us. The reason being, that children are more prone to the discovery of their surroundings. They have not yet become accustomed to trees blowing in the wind, or water gathering on the ground. They are not annoyed by the sounds of birds, and hold no disgust yet for crawling creatures. They are just simply in wonderstruck by it all, as if it is something too good to be true; this is the virtue that Emerson wants us all to hold dear. As a society, we have gotten so out of touch with the world as it should be, and now it’s all about trying to make everything â€Å"better.† The Swarthmore College of Environmental Studies says that â€Å"It is hard to argue that industrialization has not brought humans a greater ability to manipulate their environment (Industrialization and the Environment).† This is the very thing that Emerson is acting against. We have to get back in touch with nature, because then we will find ourselves closer to God. As it stands right now, it seems we are all trying to play our own â€Å"gods.† WeShow MoreRelated Ralph Waldo Emerson Essay1326 Words   |  6 PagesRalph Waldo Emerson Ralph Waldo Emerson was born on May 25, 1803 in Boston, Massachusetts. Early in his life, Emerson followed in the footsteps of his father and became minister, but this ended in 1832 when he felt he could no longer serve as a minister in good conscience. He experienced doubts about the Christian church and its doctrine. These reservations were temporarily alleviated by his brief association with Unitarianism, but soon Emerson became discontent with even their decidedlyRead MoreTranscendentalism And Its Impact On Society1491 Words   |  6 Pagessociety that thinkers found that conflicted with their identified ideology. The transcendentalists basically had this triangle where the basics of their beliefs were outlined, starting off with God at the top, the man in the left corner, and finally nature in the right corner, these could very well be the cornerstones of the transcendental belief system that they have in place. There were many areas that fell within in this triangle, but th ose are to be discussed later into this evaluation, but theRead More The Importance of Non-conformity and Independent Beliefs in Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance2779 Words   |  12 PagesIn Ralph Waldo Emerson’s â€Å"Self-Reliance,† Emerson calls for each person in society to be wholly true to themselves. He claims that it is most rewarding to the individual and the society for people to believe in one’s own thoughts and not in the thoughts of others. Emerson believes that conformity will ultimately lead to an individual’s demise because by living for others, people are not being true to themselves. Therefore in order to have a well-formed society, citizens should focus inward andRead MoreThe Great Traversers By Ralph Waldo Emerson2868 Words   |  12 Pagesthree transcendental ideas, as presented by Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Henry David Thoreau) In this spirit I have just discovered Emerson. For forty years I have known something about him, of course—that he was a mystical philosopher; the apostle of transcendentalism in America†¦.† (Abbot, lines 9-10). From within the text of the author of this quote, it can be seen the shear praise and gratitude held for a man by the name of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emerson as mentioned in the quote, is considered toRead MoreHenry David Thoreau1930 Words   |  8 Pagesnecessities of life (â€Å"Henry†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Ency. of World). As a child, he enjoyed exploring nature and was fascinated by its beauty. In his novel Walden, he remarks that â€Å"every morning was a cheerful invitation to make [his] life of equal simplicity†¦ with Nature herself,† and even contemplates that â€Å"[he had] never yet met a man who was quite awake† (Thoreau 70, 72). Thoreau believed that the true purpose of living resided in nature, and this is present not only in his wor k but throughout his personal life. InRead MoreEvolution Of Freedom Through History Essay1240 Words   |  5 Pagestrue freedom. Three such philosophic minds are that of G.W.F. (Georg Wilhelm Friedrich) Hegel, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Friedrich Nietzsche. Although each of the philosopher’s ideas on the role history plays in several ways, they all believe that its end result is significant in the eventual possibility of political freedom: Hegel discusses the methods of history and the Spirit within it, while Emerson believes in a more universal or individualistic mind and Nietzsche being less historical has moreRead MoreTranscendentalism in Civil Disobedience3710 Words   |  15 PagesDannheisig 1 Jan-Hendrik Dannheisig Susanne Hamscha, M.A. Re(dis)covering America: Emerson, Thoreau, and American Democracy 10 April 2012 Transcendentalism in Civil Disobedience Thoreaus Politics of Individuality and Nature Dannheisig 2 Contents Introduction 1. Transcendentalism a. Nature b. Introspective Conscience and Politics 2. Political Individualism a. Ethical and Political (In)justice b. Critique of Democracy Conclusion Bibliography 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Dannheisig 3 IntroductionRead MoreI Make An Impression It Must Be By Being Most Myself1115 Words   |  5 Pagescritic she called for equality of women. Fuller was thought of as â€Å"America’s first feminist† she pioneered the idea that women could argue philosophy with men. Fuller’s works all had a reoccurring theme that seemed to speak to her experiences. An analysis of her essay, Woman in the Nineteenth Century, she expresses many transcendentalist ideas. The main idea behind this essay is the growth of all individuals, women and men equally included. It show the enlightenment of men and women given someRead MoreHenry David Thoreau: The Grat Transcendentalist Essay1932 Words   |  8 Pagesto absorb every aspect of the education to the fullest. Upon his graduation Thoreau refused to pay the five dollar processing fee for his diploma because it was made of sheepskin, a tradition at Harvard University. This shows Thoreau’s respect for nature and the individual which is shown in much of his work. While studying at Harvard Thoreau was â€Å"influenced by Greek and Latin curriculum and developed a love of classical writers such as Homer who is reflected in the â€Å"reader† chapter of Walden† (SattelmeyerRead MoreHenry David Thoreau4404 Words   |  18 Pagesschool, but resigned after a few weeks rather than administer corporal punishment.[18]:25 He and his brother John then opened a grammar school in Concord in 1838 called Concord Academy.[18]:25 They introduced several progressive concepts, including nature walks and visits to local shops and businesses. The school ended when John became fatally ill from tetanus in 1842[19] after cutting himself while shaving. He died in his brother Henrys arms.[20] Meanwhile, he was spending a good deal of time writing

Financial Accounting - 8263 Words

1. Accounting is an information and measurement system that: A. Identifies business activities. B. Records business activities. C. Communicates business activities. D. Helps people make better decisions. E. All of these. 2. Technology A. Has replaced accounting. B. Has not changed the work that accountants do. C. Has closely linked accounting with consulting, planning, and other financial services. D. In accounting has replaced the need for decision makers. E. In accounting is only available to large corporations. 3. The primary objective of financial accounting is: A. To serve the decision-making needs of internal users. B. To provide financial statements to help external users analyze an organization s†¦show more content†¦E. All of these. 19. The accounting assumption that requires every business to be accounted for separately from other business entities, including its owner or owners is known as the: A. Objectivity principle. B. Business entity assumption. C. Going-concern assumption. D. Revenue recognition principle. E. Cost principle. 20. The rule that requires financial statements to reflect the assumption that the business will continue operating instead of being closed or sold, unless evidence shows that it will not continue, is the: A. Going-concern principle. B. Business entity principle. C. Objectivity principle. D. Cost Principle. E. Monetary unit principle. 21. Rules adopted by the accounting profession as guides in measuring, recording, and reporting the financial condition and activities of a business: A. Are comprised of both general and specific principles. B. Are known as generally accepted accounting principles. C. Are abbreviated as GAAP. D. Arise from both long-used practices and from rulings of authoritative groups. E. All of these. 22. If a parcel of land that was originally acquired for $85,000 is offered for sale at $150,000, is assessed for tax purposes at $95,000, is recognized by its purchasers as easily being worth $140,000, and is sold for $137,000, the land should be recorded in the purchaser s books at: A. $95,000. B. $137,000. C. $138,500. D. $140,000. E. $150,000. 23. To include the personal assets and transactionsShow MoreRelatedFinancial Accounting And Managerial Accounting1613 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Both financial accounting and managerial accounting provide important information about the business process. On the one hand, financial accounting provides only financial information to its internal users and external users. On the other hand, managerial accounting basically communicates about financial and non-financial information with internal users such as managers, employees and owners of the company. In other words, managerial accounting provides information to managers who directRead MoreThe Financial Accounting Standards Board1346 Words   |  6 PagesEarnings per share is introduced by the Financial Accounting Standards Board as the functionality used to calculate an institutions’ earnings for the year-end financial statements. The institutions can be made of up a simple or complex capital structure. I t must be calculated on a constant basis in order for reports to remain consistent. FASB provides a formula of â€Å"dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period† (FASBRead MoreAccounting Analysis On Financial Accounting1185 Words   |  5 PagesAccounting has many branches that it can be divided into. It can be divided into several areas of activities. 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Financial accounting focuses on the preparation of the five basic financial statements namely statementsRead MoreFinancial and Managerial Accounting628 Words   |  3 PagesBoth financial and managerial accounting analyze economic data, however the major differences between the two strands include; user groups, information type, regulatory control and reporting frequency (Atrill and McLaney, 2012) User Groups: Financial accounting mostly provides information for external stakeholders such as shareholders, lending institutions, prospective investors and creditors, whereas managerial accounting mostly make available information for internal users such as managers andRead MoreFinancial Accounting Standards903 Words   |  4 PagesFASB IFRS Financial Accounting Standards The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has been around since 1973 and their organization’s duty and task is to set and provide effective and reliable financial accounting standards in the United States. 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Generally accepted accounting principles c. derive their credibility and authority from general recognition and acceptance by the accounting profession. 22. A soundly developed conceptual framework of concepts and objectives should d. all of these. 23. Which of the following (a-c) are not true concerning a conceptual framework in account-ing? c. It should be based on fundamental truths that are derived from the laws of nature. S24. Which of the following is not a benefit associated

No Child Left Alive A Critique of No Child Left Behind...

No Child Left Alive No child left behind does nothing but dishearten the students who are proving to be ahead of the average student from wanting to improve. While the struggling students are simply carried from one grade to the next. The No Child Left Behind Act is great in theory but is too heavily reliant on standardized tests and percentages and not enough about what the students actually learn. Being a survivor of NCLB I have had firsthand experience with this topic and from an above average students point of view it really deterred me from wanting to push myself further and eventually lead to me falling into the average category as my high school career came to an end. Teachers and students treat education with the idea of â€Å"just†¦show more content†¦The federal government found a need to get involved with the educational system putting an emphasizing on math and science to help further advance our technologies. The government did that with the passage of the Ele mentary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) in 1965. The ESEA was part of President Lyndon B. Johnsons â€Å"War on Poverty† and the first part of the program allocated funds to primary and secondary schools. The second part of the Act aimed to created equal availability of education to all with no discrimination and to create higher quality of learning. Another contributing factor that later laid the ground work for NCLB to follow was the Texas Educational Accountability System enacted during the 1980’s. This was the first time the use of standardized tests were used to evaluate teachers and keep them accountable for how their students preformed. This Act came from President George Bush’s home state when he was governor and he later used these ideas to create No Child Left Behind with the help of his Secretary of Education, Margaret spellings. The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) is just an extension of the ESEA of 1965. NCLB was passed by the House of Representatives and Senate almost unanimously and signed into effect January 8th 2002 by President George W. Bush. The Act is the first time in the history of the federal government’s association withShow MoreRelatedEssay on Monsters Inc810 Words   |  4 Pagesthat, if activated, allows the monsters to enter the child’s room through the youngster’s closet. The scream produced by the child creates energy for the monster world, so that monsters can do everyday things, such as quickly turning on a light or vacuuming the carpet. However, this is not an easy job because children are extremely toxic to monsters (who tremble when a child is near), and are also becoming increasingly hard to scare. With lessoned screams, Monstropolis (the monsters’ world) is experiencingRead MoreKingsolver s The Bean Trees1443 Words   |  6 PagesBarbara Kingsolver once said, â€Å"Good fiction creates empathy. 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Online Auction - 1469 Words

Chapter 1 – INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Internet auctions appeared on the scene in the mid 1990s, and quickly became one of the most successful applications of electronic commerce. EBay, the premier consumer-to-consumer (C2C) Internet auction site, is generally held up as an exemplar for the industry. However, it is widely predicted that the potential transaction volume in business-to-business (B2B) auctions will be much greater than in the C2C channel (Keenan, 2000; Rosenthal, 2002). In the B2B marketplace, auctions were initially pressed into service as tools to dispense with excess inventory. The current wave of B2B integration represents a much deeper integration of auction technology into the daily operations of†¦show more content†¦The system automatically rejects un-authenticated users who try to bid or sell at the site. Register Products - This module is for presenting items for bidding. Only those who have registered and authenticated as sellers can place their articles for bidding. The Module collects information like Product Name, Product Details, Starting Bid amount, Incremental value etc. The system automatically inputs the closing date. Bidding Module - The module is for bidding on any selected item. The bidder has to authenticate before participating in bidding. The system checks whether the incremental amount entered by the bidder is equal or more than the incremental minimum set during the product registration time. The system places the record in the bid history against the bidder account. My Auction - This page is an interface for both buyer and seller. Buyer can see the profile of the bidding history of items which are still open on which he/she has already bided. Similarly, the seller can see the progress of bidding on articles he/she has placed for bidding. Feedback - The purpose of the page is to send messages/comments to the web administrator. FAQ - This page is for first time users of the site. The page will provide answers to questions that are common and frequently asked. WebAdmin - This link opens to the administration module that is open to web administrator only. Here site administrator can add product categories and can edit product informationShow MoreRelatedOnline Auctions: A Behavioral Study Essay2075 Words   |  9 PagesJournals. The Economists believe that the sellers prefer auctions in which the barriers of entry are rather low which would lead to higher utility for the seller (Bulow, Klemperer 2009). However, these studies are mainly focused on big-scale auctions. Big-scale auctions are the type of auctions in which bidders are large companies. On the other hand, on line auctions have properties which differentiate them from classical auctions. 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Lured by the ease of ordering at home and ability to quickly compare prices and product reviews among retailers, many consumers are increasingly choosing to shop online over purchasing products at brick-and-mortar locations or via mail-order catalogs. RunWayMe will be part of the growing trend with a unique concept of selling the latest celebrities look-a-like outfits at affordable prices. Although thisRead MoreEbay Is The Leading Global Brand For Online Auctions1182 Words   |  5 Pagesleading global brand for online auctions. The company is a giant marketplace used by more than 100 million people to buy and sell all manner of things to each other. The brand has grown tremendously over the decade or so since its conception. World’s largest internet marketplace. eBay has more than 150 million live listings and more than 105 million active users globally in 37 countries. That makes eBay the largest marketplace online, having a great power over other online retailers. Business modelRead MoreBusiness Overview : Ebay, An Online Auction / Shopping Website1467 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Overview eBay is a business which was founded in 1995 by an entrepreneur called Pierre Omidyar. The main focus of the business is eBay.com, an online auction/shopping website, which offers consumer to consumer sales and business to consumer sales services, via the internet. The business have also invested into many other companies/services, including PayPal, Skype and Gumtree. eBay are one of the main examples of the ‘Dot-com bubble’ from the late 1990’s, and are now a huge company who

Audit and Assurance Bio Sustainable Feeds

Question: Discuss about the Audit and Assurance for Bio Sustainable Feeds. Answer: Introduction: The research contains details discussion about the Bio-sustainable Feeds (BSF) ltd which is listed under Australian Stock Exchange. The report also contains a description of various activities taken place in with its product description. It also contains the investment carried out during the year by BSF. The research contains various steps that need to taken before doing audit of the BSF and also rules applied for the process. The report also discusses and explains whether the firm should accept the role of doing auditing if we take Inherent Risk (IR), Credit Risk (CR) and Detection Risk (DR) (Ahmed Haji and Anifowose 2016). Further audit program should include general coverage plus the specific items mentioned above. The research also includes the concern that the auditor should also include full set of journal entries of the Research Development transaction from 2013-2016 also explain the CSIRO is allowed as said. Please remember to check the Research and Development costs which a re given between expense and capital. Then the triple-bottom line should be General Parallel File System requires being discussed. BSF Ltd. administration attested in an outline that the patent qualities were predicated on BSF Ltd. having elite control over the microscopic organisms based sustains innovation. Overview Bio- Sustainable Feeds Ltd is an Australian bioresearch company, which is listed in ASX- Australian Stock Exchange who is involved with Sustainable Aqua Culture feeds since twenty years. BSF is a plant that has its business operation in fish feeds. The company is involved in manufacturing canola, soya-bean, sunflower, corn, etc., meals that costs around 360 million AUD. The company has incurred loss of 120 million AUD due to quality degradation of its fish varieties such as salmon, tuna etc. Moreover, CBC (2016) has noticed that, the plant-based fish food should resolve the quality issue. Steps before Conducting an Audit and its Application to BSF Ltd Before accepting to perform an audit and deciding to apply it in BSF Ltd several necessary steps are needed to be considered (Jafari and Payani 2013). IFACS code of ethics stated that before accepting new audit clients, a professional accountant in public needs to determine whether acceptance could generate some threats to compliance with elementary principles (CBC 2016). Possible threats to integrity can be generated from questionable issues related to the client. This indicates before accepting to perform an audit, an investigation should be conducted on BSF ltd, its owners and business conducts for analyzing if there are any questions on the integrity of the potential client that generates unacceptable risk. Such investigation is generally performed as consumer due diligence process those are conducted for complying with regulations of anti-money laundering (Lothe 2013). After accepting to conduct audit for BSF Ltd, the auditor needs to consider the suitability of particular engagement it has been asked to perform. More specifically, there can be ethical risks that indicate conduction of audit should not be accepted, especially whether there are any objectivity risks (Sarker et al. 2016). Potential risks should be checked that might arise such as if the members of audit firm holds shares in BSF Ltd or has any family relationship. Such threats need to be discovered and it might signify that the client should be turned down as safeguards can decrease the threats to an acceptance level (Jafari and Payani 2013). Certain ethical matters should be checked before accepting an audit for BSF Ltd. It should be checked whether any interest conflict or confidentiality issues might take place and if this happens, whether suitable safeguards can be maintained (Rust et al. 2011). Additionally, BSF Ltds competence for performing the potential work needs to be analyzed, particularly if the company has a business operation in a specialized industry or the firm has a complex structure. Practical aspects namely the resources required to perform the work, the completion deadline and logistics such as locations and geographical spread should be taken into consideration as well (Bisogno 2016). Before accepting to conduct any audit procedure, an auditor should acquire an agreement from management, which it acknowledges, and realizes its responsibility: For creation of financial statements based on the suitable financial reporting framework For internal controls that will enable generation of financial statements, those are devoid of material misstatement, whether because of error or fraud. For facilitating the auditor with access to all the necessary information for conducting audit process IFACs code clarifies that the audit acceptance decisions should not be treated as one-off matter (Jafari and Payani 2013). The code also signifies that a professional accountant in public is recommended to constantly review the acceptance decisions for recurring engagement of clients (Hess 2014). Changes in any circumstances that is either the auditor or the client might signify that an engagement ceases to remain professionally or ethically acceptable or generates an increased level of risk exposure. For this reason, client regular assistance is vital and needs to be totally documented. Auditing Program for BSF Ltd The audit program is intended to offer guidance to auditors on the steps involved in the audit of a company. The audit needs to be conducted by people who have adequate training, competence in auditing and experience (Letia and Groza 2013). Audit program for BSF Ltd should include obtaining pertinent financial information such as: Monthly financial reports Quarterly financial reports Charts of accounts listing Quarterly reports based on CARL system Annual fiscal trial balance reports Internal control and compliance procedures including the documents and internal control assessment should be prepared for the issues faced by the company and the underlying eligible expenditure recording should be conducted (CBC 2016) The system of revenue and details of expenses and its correctness as per AS 9 should be examined (Kosseva and Kent 2013). For auditing, the issues present in the company and to offer appropriate recommendations following documents needs to be collected from BSF Ltd: Conformation certificate of bank balance Interest paid/received certificate during the financial year in the occasion of all term loans and fixed deposits with the closing balance Confirmation of balance from all the debtors/creditors Quantitative inventory details Audit program should also include reviewing the pertinent financial information for any exceptional or unusual items based on the field. In case of BSF Ltd, the reason for collapse of high value piscavorian fish and its reasons for which it could not thrive. Moreover, reasons for increasing growing times and generation of smaller amount of mature fish should be revealed through the audit program (Jans et al. 2014). Reviewing previous auditors reports and its findings should be evaluated based on the ways in which fields finances are conducted, the audit firm that conducted the last audit, the time when last audit was conducted and was the audit adequate. Moreover, the whether the recommendations from the last audit were properly implemented or not also needs to be analyzed (Furnham and Gunter 2015). Internal control of BSF Ltd should be evaluated that will include reviewing the companys perceived internal control strengths and if there are any weaknesses that needs further audit testing. Moreover, a copy of National Staff Personnel Policy Manual and Field Accounting Policy Manual should be gathered if available (Jafari and Payani 2013). The audit program should find out the reasons for increasing diversion of low-value fish into the production. Recommendations based on decreasing the risk of malnutrition for the poor should be provided in the auditing process. The audit process should determine the level of cash held by the company and reveal whether the cash held by the company is adequate (Kogan et al. 2014). Role of audit firm in doing Audit by (IR), (CR) and (DR) Before discussing the further, it is to identify, the role of the auditing firm in accepting BSG ltd. Audit Risk is also known as Residual Risk, it is the risk that an auditor will issue an unappropriated statement because of auditor failing in identifying material misstatement due to fraudulent or by mistake(Davis and Hay 2012). This risk deals in Inherent Risk (IR), Credit Risk (CR) and Detection Risk (DR). Audit risk will be calculated as (AR = IR * CR * DR). Inherent Risk means risk which occurs form the error or omission financial statement occurred due to failing of the control like transaction which involves circumstances that has high degree of the judgement. A credit risk is the risk of default on an obligation that may emerge from a borrower neglecting to make required installments. In the main resort, the danger is that of the moneylender and incorporates lost chief and premium, disturbance to money streams, and expanded accumulation costs (Desai et al. 2013). Detection Ri sk is the chance that an evaluator won't discover material errors identifying with a declaration in an element's monetary explanations through substantive tests and investigation. Therefore, the calculated auditors risk (AR) is 3.6 %. For engaging the firm in auditing the firm should engage in the following g issues: Inquisitive of administration and others to pick up a comprehension of the association itself, its operations, monetary reporting, and known extortion or mistake (Bedford et al.2014). Doing logical methods on future or sudden changes in record adjusts or classes of exchanges. Examine documentation giving record adjusts or classes of exchanges. Viewing the stock tally, records receivable and different records with outsider were evaluated. Toward the finish of the review, the evaluator may likewise offer target guidance for enhancing budgetary reporting and inward controls to expand an organization's execution and effectiveness (Ellis 2014). So finally it is included that if the company is fulfilling the above mentioned criteria the firms audit is liable to the 3.6% of the risk. It is critical for an organization's administration to see precisely what a review is and what a review does and does not do. The inspector's duty is to express an autonomous, target supposition on the monetary proclamations of an organization. This assessment is given as per inspecting benchmarks that require the examiners to arrange certain methodology and report on the aftereffects of the review, while considering the representations, affirmations and obligation of administration for the money related articulations (Furnham and Gunter 2015). Discuss the issues of the auditor The company has engaged in various rebates and by investing in CSIRO of Australia for having full settlement in the business an auditor should look into the following guidelines: An inspector directing a review as per GAAS is responsible for getting sensible certification that the money related articulations overall are free from material misquote, whether brought about by extortion or mistake (Birkey et al. 2016). As depicted in area 200, the overall Objectives of the Independent Au-editorial manager and the Conduct of an Audit as per Generally Accepted Au-dating Standards were analyzed. The potential impacts of inalienable restrictions are especially noteworthy on account of misquote coming about because of fraud.2 The danger of not distinguishing a material error coming about because of extortion is higher than the danger of not recognizing one coming about because of mistake (Gaber and Lusk 2015). This is on account of extortion may include refined and painstakingly sorted out plans intended to cover it, for example, phony, planned inability to record exchanges, or deliberate deceptions being made to the reviewer. Moreover, the danger of the evaluator not identifying a material coming about because of administration misrepresentation is more noteworthy than for worker extortion since administration is habitually in a position to specifically or in a roundabout way manipulates bookkeeping records, present fake money related data, or supersede control techniques intended to avoid comparable cheats by different representatives. While getting sensible affirmation, the evaluator is in charge of keeping up proficient incredulity all through the review, considering the potential for administration supersede of controls, and perceiving the way that review techniques that are powerful to detect blunder may not be successful in distinguishing extortion (Gray et al. 2013). The prerequisites in this area are intended to help the inspector in recognizing and surveying the dangers of material misquote because of misrepresentation and in planning techniques to distinguish such error. While acquiring sensible certification, the inspector is in char ge of keeping up proficient suspicion all through the review, considering the potential for administration supersede of controls, and perceiving the way that review techniques that are compelling for distinguishing mistake may not be powerful in identifying extortion. The prerequisites in this area are intended to help the evaluator in distinguishing and surveying the dangers of material misquote because of misrepresentation and in outlining methodology to recognize such error (Kend et al. 2014). Oversight by those accused of administration incorporates considering the potential for supersede of controls or other improper impact over the monetary reporting procedure, for example, endeavors by administration to oversee income keeping in mind the end goal to impact the impression of money related explanation clients with respect to the element's execution and benefit. Elements of Costs to Be Identified with Research and Development Activities the following: The expenses of materials (whether from the undertaking's typical stock or gained extraordinarily for innovative work exercises) and hardware or offices that are obtained or built for innovative work exercises and that have elective future uses (in innovative work ventures or something else) should be promoted as substantial resources when procured or developed (Louwers et al. 2013). Pay rates - compensation, and other related expenses of faculty occupied with innovative work exercises should be incorporated into innovative work costs. Intangibles acquired from others - The expenses of intangibles that are acquired from others for use in innovative work exercises and that have elective future uses (in innovative work ventures or something else) should be promoted and amortized as impalpable resources (Messier 2016). Contract administrations - The expenses of administrations performed by others regarding the innovative work exercises of an undertaking, including innovative work directed by others for sake of the venture, should be incorporated into innovative work costs. All innovative work costs incorporated by this Statement should be charged to cost when brought about. Social Responsibility and Environment Friendliness Audit of BSF Ltd The CSR auditing procedure for BSF Ltd requires to consider the major points that will evaluate whether the company is maintaining the position of being socially responsible and environment friendly (Jafari and Payani 2013). To evaluate whether the corporate social responsibility statements provided by the company is accurate or not the flowing aspects are to be highlighted in the CSR auditing is necessary that includes whether BSF Ltd has: Efficient stakeholder management Effective corporate leadership Increased priority for CSR at a broad level Regulation at the domestic as well as international level Active involvement of strong coordination among the business of the government, civil society and NGOs CSR auditing should analyze whether the BSF Ltd fulfils the responsibility to offer quality goods through incurring expenditure on alternative aquaculture feed from the research done till date (Jafari and Payani 2013). It should be evaluated whether the company through such expenditure fulfills the responsibility to offer good quality affordable fish products to its consumers. In order to conduct the quality audit written documents that reports evaluation of consumer relations with the company within 12 months before the audit needs to be checked CSR audit will also focus on checking the transparency of BSF Ltds information regarding expenses incurred in maintaining quality of its fish products along with price and specification of all its products (Pei and Pei 2012). As per the CSR de of conduct, the company has to remain explicit to its consumers regarding the description, price and specifications of all its fish products. To check whether the company fulfils its social responsibilities or not certain evidence needs to be collected that will include: A telephonic survey with its consumers, particularly the poor consumer segment those suffer from malnutrition, gathering information regarding the fact that whether the fish products are offered to them in appropriate standards (Rust et al. 2011). Moreover, several documentation regarding the organizations quality management reporting success rate in addressing the quality standards and certain measures should be identified to deal with the shortfalls. Several steps should be followed by the auditor in conducting environmental audit of BSF Ltd mentioned under: Situation analysis should be conducted that will reveal the reasons for violating the companys corporate social responsibilities, for instance, the reasons for which the company is offering inferior quality fish products for the poor consumer segment. This analysis also considers evaluation of review provided by shareholders, users of the companys products and community regarding the company (Lothe 2013). Based on the evaluation of the companys ranking in CSR compliance, various alternatives regarding investment in fish products quality maintain ace, increasing the fish production and offering products with reasonable prices to the poor segments should be provided to the company. CSR action plan should be prepared describing the ways in which the social responsibility maintenance procedures for the company (Rust et al. 2011). Audit of Patent Values Predicted on BSF Ltd BSF Ltd mentioned in its prospectus that the patent values were forecasted on the company maintaining exclusive control over the bacteria-based feed technology. The auditing procedure will focus on analyzing whether such statement provided by BSF Ltd is fair and true. As per the auditing standards, the reliability of any statement provided by the company needs to be evaluated. Based on the accounting standard, the reliability and relevance of the companys statement needs to be evaluated (Sarens 2013). Reliability of the statement can be ensured dependent on the evidence gathered and the research circumstances under which BSF Ltd provided such statement. Accuracy and completeness of the information is evaluated by analyzing whether the information on maintaining control on bacteria feed technology is adequately precise and detailed. This can be done through testing the effectiveness of such technology in increasing fish breeding and its quality (Tennant and Kruger 2013). Inspection on documents maintained by BSF Ltd on maintenance of the control on such technology will be audited for testing the accuracy of the statement. Inspection will involve evaluating the documents maintained by the company regarding efficiency of the technology, either internal or external that is maintained in the form of paper, in electronic form or by physically monitoring the efficiency of the technology in improving fish production quality (Rust et al. 2011). Inquiry can be another form of auditing the statement provided by the company. Such auditing procedure includes gaining information from the knowledgeable people involved within the field of bacteria-based technology development and inspection. Inquires can be done in the form of formal written inquires as well as through informal oral inquires (Rust et al. 2011). Through evaluating responses of the inquiry, it can be confirmed that the statement provided by the company is true and fair. This is because of the reason that from the auditing process it is revealed the company has incurred certain development costs to bring the technology in the market that is producing fish with high food value (Moroney et al. 2014). Conclusion: The procedure that is used to pull in intrigued prospects to the business. It was gathered that five out of ten prospects who come into place of business wind up purchasing from the business. It can expand the quantity of individuals rolling in from ten to 15. The profit and build benefits by 50 percent. Enhancing the capacity to offer and change over intrigued prospects into paying clients is a standout amongst the most imperative things you can do. What's more, there is no substitution for progressing deals preparing, either of the each individual who addresses clients, either live or on the telephone. Take a gander at each key result territory in your business procedure and look for approaches to enhance a tiny bit in every range (Zamboni and Litschig 2013). A little change in every key zone can prompt a huge change in general deals results. The amount of individual who deals in every client is the one who gains. By expanding the recurrence of procurement by ten percent, it deals and expands benefits by the same rate. The sum that is needed to pay and obtain each paying client. It should be consistently looking for inventive approaches to enhance the publicizing and advancement with the goal that it costs less to purchase every client. This can effect and expand benefits of the business significantly. The clients who come as consequence are considered as referral from the fulfilled clients. Creating one or more demonstrated referral frameworks for the business can ordinarily affect the deals and business will profit. Largely any organization can raise the costs by 5 or 10 percent without encountering any business sector resistance. In the event that items and administrations are of good quality and kin are amicable and supportive, a little increment in general costs won't push clients away. The main thing that can be done to build benefits is to enhance the variables that eventually decide the level of gainfulness. When enhancement of these 10 variables abou t business will expand benefits and influence the primary concern. Reference List Ahmed Haji, A. and Anifowose, M., 2016. Audit Committee and Integrated Reporting Practice: Does Internal Assurance Matter?.Managerial Auditing Journal,31(8/9). Bedford, J.L., Childs, P.J., Hansen, V.N., Mosleh-Shirazi, M.A., Verhaegen, F. and Warrington, A.P., 2014. Commissioning and quality assurance of the Pinnacle3 radiotherapy treatment planning system for external beam photons.The British journal of radiology. Birkey, R.N., Michelon, G., Patten, D.M. and Sankara, J., 2016, July. Does assurance on CSR reporting enhance environmental reputation? An examination in the US context. InAccounting Forum. Elsevier. Bisogno, M., 2016. Auditing Principles. Technology and Science, 8(2), p. 89. CBC. 2016. Shift to plant-based fish feed could hurt health, environment, CBCNews Technology Science, (23 Mar/16), Retrieved on 11Jul/16 from: https://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/aquaculture-feed-1.3262922 Christensen, B.E., Glover, S.M. and Wood, D.A., 2012. Extreme estimation uncertainty in fair value estimates: Implications for audit assurance.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,31(1), pp.127-146. Davis, M. and Hay, D., 2012. An analysis of submissions on proposed regulations for audit and assurance in New Zealand.Australian Accounting Review,22(3), pp.303-316. Desai, M., Desai, S., Sullivan, A.K., Mohabeer, M., Mercey, D., Kingston, M.A., Thng, C., McCormack, S., Gill, O.N., Nardone, A. and McOwan, A., 2013. Audit of HIV testing frequency and behavioural interventions for men who have sex with men: policy and practice in sexual health clinics in England.Sexually transmitted infections, pp.sextrans-2012. Ellis, R., 2014. Quality Assurance for University Teaching. Furnham, A. and Gunter, B., 2015.Corporate Assessment (Routledge Revivals): Auditing a Company's Personality. London: Routledge. Gaber, M. and Lusk, E.J., 2015. Account Screening: Rationalizing The Extendedprocedures Decision in The Audit Context.EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies,5(9), pp.1-20. Gray, N.A., Mahadevan, K., Campbell, V.K., Noble, E.P. and Anstey, C.M., 2013. Data quality of the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry: a pilot audit.Nephrology,18(10), pp.665-670. Hess, D.W., 2014. The Framework for CSR Assessment, Measurement, and Reporting. InChristian Ethics and Corporate Culture, 6(7), pp. 177-192. Jafari, A. and Payani, N., 2013. A systematic approach for knowledge auditing.African Journal of Business Management,7(32), p.3159. Jans, M., Alles, M.G. and Vasarhelyi, M.A., 2014. A field study on the use of process mining of event logs as an analytical procedure in auditing.The Accounting Review,89(5), pp.1751-1773. Kend, M., Houghton, K.A. Jubb, C. 2014, "Competition Issues in the Market for Audit and Assurance Services: Are the Concerns Justified?: Competition Issues for Audit and Assurance Services",Australian Accounting Review,vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 313-320. Kogan, A., Alles, M.G., Vasarhelyi, M.A. and Wu, J., 2014. Design and evaluation of a continuous data level auditing system.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,33(4), pp.221-245. Kosseva, M.R. and Kent, C.A., 2013. Modeling, Monitoring, and Process Control for Intelligent Bioprocessing of Food Industry Wastes and Wastewater.Food Industry Wastes: Assessment and Recuperation of Commodities, 7(4), p.191. Letia, I.A. and Groza, A., 2013. Compliance checking of integrated business processes.Data Knowledge Engineering,8(7), pp.1-18. Lothe, R. 2013. Fish feed-research may help reduce world hunger, ScienceNordic, 17 Mar/13, Retrieved on 11, Jul/16 from: 20 https://sciencenordic.com/fish-feed-research-may-help-reduce-world-hunger. Louwers, T.J., Ramsay, R.J., Sinason, D.H., Strawser, J.R. and Thibodeau, J.C., 2013.Auditing and assurance services. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Messier Jr, W., 2016.Auditing assurance services: A systematic approach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Moroney, R., Campbell, F., Hamilton, J. and Warren, V., 2014.Auditing: A Practical Approach. Wiley Global Education. Pei, Z.B. and Pei, J.L., 2012. Study of Risk Control of Whole Process Tracking Audit on Construction Projects in Coal Mining Areas.Coal Technology,18(4), pp.56-57. Rust, M., Barrows, F., Hardy, R., Lazur, A.,Naughten, K. and Silverstein, J. 2011. The Future of Aquafeeds, NOAA/USDA Alternative Feeds Initiative, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS F/SPO-124, Retrieved on 11 Jul/16 from:https://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/aquaculture/docs/feeds/the_future_of_aquafeeds_final.pdf. Sarens, G., Christopher, J. and Zaman, M., 2013. A study of the informal interactions between audit committees and internal auditors in Australia.Australian Accounting Review,23(4), pp.307-329. Sarker, P.K., Kapuscinski, A.R., Lanois, A.J., Livesey, E.D., Bernhard, K.P. and Coley, M.L. 2016. Towards Sustainable Aquafeeds: Complete Substitution of Fish Oil with Marine Microalga Schizochytrium sp. Improves Growth and Fatty Acid Deposition in Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromisniloticus). PLOS ONE, 2016; 11(6), Retrieved on 11, Jul/16 from: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0156684. Tennant, M. and Kruger, E., 2013. A national audit of Australian dental practice distribution: do all Australians get a fair deal?.International dental journal,63(4), pp.177-182. Zamboni, Y. and Litschig, S., 2013. Audit risk and rent extraction: Evidence from a randomized evaluation in Brazil.Universitat Pompeu Fabra.

Official-Guide-To-Statement-of-Purpose free essay sample

The statement should be narrowly focused on convincing the intended reader ? i. E. , a professor at JESSIE who teaches in the program to which you are applying that you have a serious and well- considered purpose in applying to that program. A compelling statement will convince the reader that you are the kind of student likely to thrive in the program to which you are admitted and who would contribute to (and not merely benefit from) our academic community. Too often, statements of purpose are poorly focused, vaguely autobiographical essays, in which case hey become inadvertent disclosures of purposelessness.A statement of purpose is not a narrative of your accomplishments. The reader of your file will make a judgment about whether you merit admission on the basis of many considerations, and your file will include much material including your transcripts, what your referees say about you, etc. , that reveal your academic and other accomplishments. There is no harm in mentioning a particular accomplishment in passing in your statement when this is relevant to explaining your purpose in applying to the program.But statements go astray once the author assumes that his or her purpose is to persuade the reader that he or she is highly qualified for admission. Remember that we will be quick to deny admission if we have insufficient evidence that the candidate is well-suited to the program by virtue of his or her interests and ambitions, regardless of how intellectually well qualified the applicant might be. The statement of purpose is usually the only part of the applicants file where one can find strong evidence of whether the program will really mesh with the applicants interests and ambitions.If you devote the statement to a list of the things the great things you have done, then you will merely exasperate the reader. Your statement should be the right length. The Stanford on-line application says that the statement should be two pages. Many applicants pay no heed to that stipulation and submit something substantially longer. That is a mistake. Succinctness is a virtue in academic as and of Purpose Revised. Doc updated 10/19/05 in other writing. When your file is being read by members of the faculty, they ill be reading it alongside many other files, and they will typically be reading under severe time constraints. People tend not to be especially tolerant of verbosity under these circumstances, to put it mildly. If your reader has evidence that you will take ten words to say something that another, equally qualified candidate will say in six, you might well find that the other candidate will be preferred over you. Sometimes a statement can be overly concise by failing to give a sufficiently detailed account of the applicants purpose in applying to the program. If your first draft of the statement is merely a page, then it is probably insufficiently detailed.Make absolutely sure that your statement contains no misspellings, grammatical or factual errors, and that your prose is as lucid as you can possibly make it. Your readers will reasonably expect that your statement is an example of your writing at its very best. After all, if you are really serious about applying to graduate school, then you will have devoted a lot of time to your statement, and what the reader sees is presumably the outco me of multiple rafts and prolonged effort Poor writing and factual errors are very strong evidence that you are not yet ready for graduate school. A statement of purpose for a doctoral program is different than one for a masters program. A masters program is not inferior to a doctoral program; it is merely different. Therefore, it would be wrong to infer that standards for a statement of purpose in an application to a doctoral program are higher than the standards applicable to masters applications. But the standards are certainly different. For example, in a statement of application to our masters in the Social Sciences in Education (SSE), an excellent statement of purpose might or might not indicate any particular research topic that the student wishes to pursue in the program.The student might also be unsure about which particular social sciences would be the most important ones in his or her studies. Being unclear about these matters is not inappropriate when one is applying to a broadly focused masters program. But being unclear about them would certainly be a liability in a doctoral application. Academic orgasm are more intensively specialized at the doctoral level, and a corresponding degree of specialization and precision in the way applicants specify their academic purposes is reasonably expected.Evidence of your familiarity with the educational research currently under way at SELLS is probably a good thing to see in any statement of purpose, even at the masters level. But in a doctoral application, it is extremely important to show that your interests converge closely with the current research of faculty who work in the program to which 2 and of purpose Revised. Co updated 1 0/19/05 you are applying. Other doctoral applicants will certainly do this, and if you dont, you will forfeit an important competitive advantage to them.Your statement should be tailored to the particular institution to which you are applying. This is not strictly necessary at the masters level, but even there it is a good idea. Of course, its only commonsense to apply to several similar programs at different institutions, and so your statement of purpose in applying to a program at JESSIE may be the same as the statement you submit to three r four programs elsewhere.